Dr. Ricardo Vallejo Salamanca

Professional Experience

• News Honorary President MIVI Salud
• 2024 - Present: CEO, C-Flow Labs Inc.
• 2021 - Present: CMO, Capri Medical
• 2020 - Present: CEO, SGX Medical
• 2018 - Present: General Manager, Lumbrera
• 2007 - Present: Scientific Coordinator, Pain Clinic, Quirón-Teknon
• 2007: Co-Founder, Pain Clinic at Quirón-Teknon
• 2010 - Present: Executive Board Member, American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians
• 2017 - Present: Section Editor for Basic Sciences, Pain Physician.
• 2017 - Present: Editorial Board Member, Pain Physician.
• 2017 - Present: Editorial Board Member, Neuromodulation.
• 2016 - Present: Editorial Board Member, Interventional Pain Management Reports.
• 2006 - Present: Member of the Editorial Board, Clinical Journal of Pain
• 2006 - Present: Member of the Editorial Board, Pain Physician
• 2005 - Present: Member of the Editorial Board, The Journal of Opioid Management
• 2005 - Present: Associate Editor, Pain Practice
• 2016 - Present: Scientific Committee of the NANS Annual Congress.
• 2008 - Present: Member of the Clinical Guidelines Committee, ASIPP
• 2022 - Present: Member of the Committee of Evaluators, World Institute of Pain
• 2016 - Present: Member of the Evaluators Committee, European Pain Federation.
• 2009 - Present: Member of the Committee of Evaluators, American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians.
• 2007 - Present: Member of the Committee of Evaluators, World Institute of Pain
• 2009 - Present: Secretary, Illinois Society of Interventional Pain Physicians
• 2021 - Present: Board Member, Boston Pain Society
• 2021 - Present: Online Platform Editor and Peer Reviewer, Interventional Pain Medicine
• 2019 - 2021: Director of Research, National Spine and Pain Centers.
• 2016 - 2020: CEO, Stimgenics LLC
• 2019 - 2022: Board Member, Director-at-Large, NANS Board of Directors.
• 2017 - 2023: Editorial Board Member, Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management.
• 2002 - 2019: Director of Research, Millennium Pain Center
• 2012 - 2017: Editor-in-Chief, Techniques in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management.
• 2016: Scientific Committee Chair, American Society of Regional Anesthesia - 15th Fall Annual Pain Medicine Meeting.
• 2015: Scientific Committee Member, American Society of Regional Anesthesia - 14th Fall Annual Pain Management Meeting.
• 2014: Scientific Committee Member, American Society of Regional Anesthesia - 13th Fall Annual Pain Management Meeting.
• 2014: Expert Reviewer, National Agency for Prospective Evaluation (ANEP), Spain.
• 2002 - 2010: Member of the Research Committee, Central Illinois Neuroscience Foundation.
• 2005 - 2007: Professor, Opioid Management Society
• 2000 - 2001: Chief Resident, Department of Anesthesiology - University of Miami.
• 1999 - 2001: Resident Representative for Florida - American Society of Anesthesiology
• 2013 - Present: Pain Specialist - The Center for Out-patient Medicine, Bloomington, IL
• 2012 - 2023: Medical Director / Anesthesiologist and Pain Specialist - Unity Point Health-Methodist, Peoria, IL.
• 2012 - 2021: Pain Specialist - Presence St. Francis Medical Center, Evanston, IL
• 2011 - 2021: Pain Specialist - Advocate Condell Medical Center, Libertyville, IL
• 2011 - 2014: Pain Specialist - Holy Family Medical Center, Des Plaines, IL.
• 2009 - 2021: Pain Specialist - Decatur Memorial Hospital, Decatur, IL
• 2008 - 2021: Pain Specialist - Presence Resurrection Medical Center, Chicago, IL
• 2008 - 2013: Pain Specialist - OSF-Saint James Hospital, Pontiac, IL.
• 2002 - 2021: Anesthesiologist and Pain Specialist - Advocate BroMenn Hospital, Normal, IL
• 2002 - 2021: Anesthesiologist and Pain Specialist - OSF Medical Center, Bloomington, IL

Training

• 1992-1994 - Ph.D., Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
• 1980-1988 - M.D., University Libre, School of Medicine, Cali, Colombia
• 2008: Diplomate - American Board of Interventional Pain Physicians
• 2008: Certificate in Controlled Substance Management, Coding, Compliance and Practice Management - American Board of Interventional Pain Physicians
• 2003: Fellow in Interventional Pain Medicine - World Institute of Pain
• 2002: Certification in Pain Medicine - American Board of Anesthesiology
• 2001: Certification in Anesthesiology - American Board of Anesthesiology

Academic and research experience

• 2015 - Present: Professor of the Master's Degree in Pain Research and Treatment - University of Valencia, Spain.
• 2014 - Present: Assistant Research Professor - Department of Psychology, Illinois Wesleyan University, Normal, Illinois.
• 2003 - 2016: Assistant Professor - Department of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois.

Publications

• Amirdelfan K, Provenzano D, Yu C, Verrilis P, Vallejo R, Guirguis M, Tate J, Bradley K. Effects of Kilohertz Frequency on Paresthesia Perception Threshold in Spinal Cord Stimulation. Pain Physician 2025 Jan;28(1):E81-E91
• Kapural L, Vallejo R, Cedeno DL, Chakravarthy K, Kallewaard JW, Abd-Elsayed A, Fishman MA, Murphy M, Gamache JE, Johanek LM. DTM SCS: A rational hypothesis. Journal of Pain. 2024. Under review.
• Cedeño DL, Vallejo R, Platt DC, Williams JM, Litvak LM, Dinsmoor DA, Straka M. Evolution of spinal evoked compound action potential thresholds, visual motor thresholds, and impedances in a rodent spared nerve injury model. Scientific Reports Nature. 2024. Under Review
• White T, Justiz R, Fishman M, Schultz D, Calodney A, Cordner H, Almonte W, Millet Y, Wu K, Gekht G, Will A, Kim P, Bundschu R, Sirianni J, El-Naggar A, Gupta M, Park W, Cedeño DL, Vallejo R. Differential Target Multiplexed Spinal Cord Stimulation for the treatment of chronic intractable upper limb pain: 12-Month results from a prospective, multi-center study. Neuromodulation, 2024. Jul 24:S1094-7159(24)00628-7. doi: 10.1016/j.neurom.2024.06.497.
• White T, Justiz R, Almonte W, Micovic V, Shah B, Anderson E, Kapural L, Cordner H, El-Naggar A, Fishman M, Eshraghi Y, Kim P, Abd-Elsayed A, Chakravarthy K, Millet Y, Sanapati M, Harrison N, Goff B, Gupta M, Grewal P, Wilkinson M, Bundschu R, Will A, Satija P, Li S, Dulebohn S, Broadnax J, Gekht G, Wu K, Falowski S, Park W, Cedeño DL, Vallejo R. 12-month results from a randomized controlled trial comparing differential target multiplexed spinal cord stimulation and conventional spinal cord stimulation in subjects with chronic refractory axial low back pain not eligible for spine surgery. N Am Spine Soc J 2024, 19:100528. doi: 10.1016/j.xnsj.2024.100528.
• Fabregat-Cid G, Cedeño DL, De Andrés J, Monsalve-Dolz V, Mínguez-Martí A, Escrivá-Matoses N, Asensio-Samper JM, Carnaval T, Villoria J, Rodríguez-López R, Vallejo R. Insights into the pathophysiology and response of persistent spine pain syndrome type 2 to spinal cord stimulation: A human genome wide association study. Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 2024. Jul 2:rapm-2024-105517. doi: 10.1136/rapm-2024-105517. Online ahead of print.
• Kallewaard JW, Billet B, van Paesschen R, Smet I, Mendiola A, Peña I, López P, Carceller J, Tornero C, Zuidema X, Vesper J, Lehmberg J, Laloo W, Cedeño DL, Vallejo R. European randomized controlled trial evaluating Differential Target Multiplexed Spinal Cord Stimulation and Conventional Medical Management in subjects with persistent back pain ineligible for spine surgery: 24-Month results. European Journal of Pain, 2024. 28(10):1745-1761. doi: 10.1002/ejp.2306.
• Vallejo R, Fishman MA, Shah B, Kim P, Benyamin R, Vetri F, Tilley DM, Cedeño DL. Targeted nerve root stimulation alleviates intractable chronic limb pain associated with complex regional pain syndrome: A prospective multi-center feasibility study. Pain Physician, 2024. 27(4):213-222.
• Fabregat-Cid G, Cedeño DL, Harutyunyan A, Rodríguez-López R, Monsalve-Dolz V, Mínguez-Martí A, Hernández-Cádiz MJ, Escrivá-Matoses N, Villanueva-Pérez V, Asensio Samper JM, De Andrés J, Vallejo R. Effect of conventional spinal cord stimulation on serum protein profile in patients with persistent spinal pain syndrome: A case-control study. Neuromodulation, 2023, Oct;26(7):1441-1449. doi: 10.1016/j.neurom.2023.05.004
• Venkatraman V, Bharmi R, Coletti F, Gellad ZF, Lempel N, Amit N, Blank N, Brown J, Kumar C, Fishman M, Vallejo R, Datta D, Reeve BB, Chakravarthy K, Sharan AD, Lad SP. Real World Characterization of Chronic Pain, Success Rates and Implant Rates: Evidence from Digital Health Platforms of Patients Undergoing Spinal Cord Stimulation Evaluations. J Pain. 2023 Dec;24(12):2228-2239. Doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.07.008
• Paladini A, Vallejo R, Guerrero M, Pasqualucci A, Peppin JF, Pergolizzi J Jr, Varrasi G. Cureus. 2023 Aug 16;15(8):e43561. Doi:10.7759/cureus.43561.eCollection2023 Aug
• Cedeno DL, Kelley CA, Vallejo R. Effects of stimulation intensity of a differential target multiplexed SCS program in an animal model of neuropathic pain. Pain Pract. 2023 Jul:23(60):639-646. Doi:10.1111/papr.13236
• Vallejo R, Benyamin R, Orduña-Valls J, Vallejo A, Thomas SM, Cedeño DL. A randomized controlled study of the long-term efficacy of cooled and monopolar radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of chronic pain related to knee osteoarthritis. Interventional Pain Medicine. 2023, 2(2):100249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inpm.2023.100249
• Tilley DM, Vallejo R, Vetri F, Platt DC, Cedeno DL. Regulation of Expression of Extracellular Matrix Proteins by Differential Multiplexed Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) and Traditional Low-Rate SCS in a Rat Nerve Injury Model. Biology (Basel) 2023 Mar 31;12(4):537. Doi:10.3390/biology12040537
• Staats PS, Vallejo R, Gasquet NC, Ricker CN. Effects of Provider Specialty on Medical Resource Utilization and Cost in Chronic Spinal-Pain Management. Pain Physician. 2023 Mar;26(2)207-217
• Cedeno DL, Vallejo R, Kelley CA, Platt DC, Litvak LM, Straka M, Dinsmoor DA. Spinal Evoked Compound Action Potentials in Rats With Clinically Relevant Stimulation Modalities. Neuromodulation. 2023 Jan;26(1):68-71 Doi:10.1016/j.neurom.2022.06.006
• Platt DC, Apuzzo CF, Jones MA, Cedeño DL, Vallejo R. Development of a C6 Glioma Cell Model System to Assess Effects of Cathodic Passively Balanced Electrical Stimulation on Responses to Neurotransmitters: Implications for Modulation of Intracellular Nitric Oxide, Chloride, and Calcium Ions. Brain Sci. 2022 Nov 6;12(11): 1504. Doi: 10.3390/brainsci12111504.ONUD: 36358430
• Deer TR, Russo MA, Grider JS, Pope J, Hagedorn JM, Naidu R, Petterson DG, Wilson D, Lubenow TR, Buvanandran A, Sheth SJ, Abdallan R, Knezevic NN, Schu S, Nijhuis H, Metha P, Vallejo R, Shah JM. The Neuromodulation Appropriateness Consensus (NACC): Recommendations for Surgical Technique for Spinal Cord Stimulation. Neuromodulation. 2022 Jan;25(1):1-34. Doi 10.1016/j.neurom.2021.10.015
• Tilley DM, Vallejo R, Vetri F, Platt DC, Cedeño DL. Activation of Neuroinflammation via mTOR Pathway is Disparately Regulated by Differential Target Multiplexed and Traditional Low-Rate Spinal Cord Stimulation in a neuropathic Pain Model. J Pain Res. 2022 Sep 13; 15:2857-2866. Doi: 10.2147/JPR.S378490.eCollection 2022.PMID: 36156899
• Cedeño DL, Vallejo R, Kelley CA, Platt DC, Litvak LM, Straka M, Dinsmoor DA. Spinal Evoked Compound Action Potentials in Rats With Clinically Relevant Stimulation Modalities. Neuromodulation. 2023 Jan;26(1):68-77. doi: 10.1016/j.neurom.2022.06.006. Epub 2022 Aug 10.PMID: 35961888.
• Tornero C, Pastor E, Garzando MDM, Orduña J, Forner MJ, Bocigas I, Cedeño DL, Vallejo R, McClure CK, Czura CJ, Liebler EJ, Staats P. Non-invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation for COVID-19: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial (SAVIOR l). Front Neurol. 2022 Apr 8;13:820864. Doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.820864. eCollection 2022.PMID: 35463130.

Awards

• 2025: Giants of Pain Management Award - American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians
• 2024: Distinguished Research Award - American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians
• 2024: Award for Excellence in Pain - Colombian Pain Association
• 2022: Best Poster - "Effect of DTM SCS Intensity on Cell-Specific Transcriptomics", World Institute of Pain Meeting, Budapest, Hungary
• 2021: ASPN Lifetime Achievement Award
• 2021: Researcher of the Year Award - National Spine and Pain Center, The Business of Pain Medicine, Arlington, VA
• 2019: Best of Meeting Abstract Award - 18th Annual Pain Medicine Meeting, ASRA, New Orleans, LA.
• 2019: Best Abstract Award - International Neuromodulation Society, Sydney, Australia.
• 2019: Outstanding Research Award - American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians, 10th Annual Meeting, Las Vegas, NV.
• 2018: Best Basic Science Research Award - North American Neuromodulation Society Meeting, Las Vegas, NV (January 12).
• 2018: Best Basic Science Research Award - North American Neuromodulation Society Meeting, Las Vegas, NV (January 17).
• 2016: Clinical Excellence Award - West Virginia Society of Interventional Pain Physicians, Bahamas.
• 2014: Best Poster - "Pulsed Radiofrequency Modulates the Expression of Regulatory Genes Along the Nociceptive Pathways", Spain Pain Society Meeting, Toledo.
• 2014: Distinguished Service Award - ESRA Spain, 20th Annual Congress, Valencia.
• 07/16/2024: Patent US 12,036,408 - "Method and Apparatus for Multimodal Electrical Modulation of Pain".
• 05/03/2024: Patent US 11,918,811 - "Method and Apparatus for Multimodal or Multiplexed Electrical Modulation of Pain using Composite Electromagnetic Fields".
• 06/02/2024: Patent US 11,890,473 - "System and Method of Pain Relief Based on Frequency Based Analysis of Temporal Nociceptive Signals".
• 05/30/2023: Patent US 11,660,453 - "Method and Apparatus for Multimodal Electrical Modulation of Pain".
• 03/21/2023: Patent US 11,607,548 - "System and Method of Pain Relief Based on Frequency Based Analysis of Temporal Nociceptive Signals".
• 08/30/2022: Patent US 11,426,583 - "Method and Apparatus for Multimodal Electrical Modulation of Pain".
• 09/11/2021: Patent US 11,167,139 - "Method and Apparatus for Multimodal Electrical Modulation of Pain using Composite Electromagnetic Fields".
• 08/17/2021: Patent US 11,090,490 - "Method and Apparatus for Multimodal Electrical Modulation of Pain".
• 06/29/2021: Patent US 11,045,651 - "Method and Apparatus for Multimodal Electrical Modulation of Pain".
• 02/03/2021: Patent US 10,933,244 - "System and Method of Pain Relief Using Frequency-Based Analysis of Temporal Nociceptive Signals".
• 01/12/2020: Patent US 10,850,102 - "Method and Apparatus for Multimodal Electrical Modulation of Pain".
• 09/06/2020: Patent US 10,675,466 - "Method and Apparatus for Electrical Modulation of Pain using Composite Electromagnetic Fields".
• 12/17/2019: Patent US 10,507,326 - "Method and Apparatus for Multimodal Electrical Modulation of Pain".
• 11/19/2019: Patent US 10,478,624 - "Method and Apparatus for Multimodal Electrical Modulation of Pain".
• 08/10/2019: Patent US 10,434,311 - "Method and Apparatus for Multimodal Electrical Modulation of Pain".
• 07/08/2018: Patent US 10,039,930 - "Method and Apparatus for Multimodal Electrical Modulation of Pain".
• 08/05/2018: Patent US 9,962,547 - "Method and Apparatus for Multimodal Electrical Modulation of Pain".